谈谈jQuery之Deferred源码剖析
编程学习 2021-07-04 19:20www.dzhlxh.cn编程入门
这篇文章主要介绍了谈谈jQuery之Deferred源码剖析,长沙网络推广觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，也给大家做个参考。一起跟随长沙网络推广过来看看吧
一、前言
大约在夏季，我们谈过ES6的Promise，其实在ES6前jQuery早就有了Promise，也就是我们所知道的Deferred对象，宗旨当然也和ES6的Promise一样，通过链式调用，避免层层嵌套，如下：
//jquery版本大于1.8
function runAsync(){
var def = $.Deferred();
setTimeout(function(){
console.log('I am done');
def.resolve('whatever');
}, 1000);
return def;
}
runAsync().then(function(msg){
console.log(msg);//=>打印'whatever'
}).done(function(msg){
console.log(msg);//=>打印'undefined'
});
注：从jQuery1.8版本开始，then方法会返回一个新的受限制的deferred对象，即deferred.promise()—后续源码解读中我们会更加全面地了解到。因此，上述代码done中会打印'undefined'。
好了，通过上述示例代码，短暂的回顾了jQuery的Deferred使用后，我们一起来看看jQuery是怎么实现Deferred，当然解读jQuery的版本是大于1.8。
二、jQuery之Deferred源码剖析
整体架构，如下：
jQuery.extend( {
Deferred: function( func ) {
var tuples = [
// action, add listener, listener list, final state
[ "resolve", "done", jQuery.Callbacks( "once memory" ), "resolved" ],
[ "reject", "fail", jQuery.Callbacks( "once memory" ), "rejected" ],
[ "notify", "progress", jQuery.Callbacks( "memory" ) ]
],
state = "pending",
promise = {
state: function() {...},
always: function() {...},
then: function() {...},
promise: function( obj ) {...}
},
deferred = {};
// Keep pipe for back-compat
promise.pipe = promise.then;
// Add list-specific methods
jQuery.each( tuples, function( i, tuple ) {} );
// Make the deferred a promise
promise.promise( deferred );
// Call given func if any
if ( func ) {
func.call( deferred, deferred );
}
// All done!
return deferred;
}
}
整体架构上，如果你了解设计模式中的工厂模式，那么不难看出，jQuery.Deferred就是一个工厂，每次执行jQuery.Deferred时，都会返回一个加工好的deferred对象。
接下来，我们再一步一步剖析上述代码。
首先，是数组tuples：
tuples = [ // action, add listener, listener list, final state [ "resolve", "done", jQuery.Callbacks( "once memory" ), "resolved" ], [ "reject", "fail", jQuery.Callbacks( "once memory" ), "rejected" ], [ "notify", "progress", jQuery.Callbacks( "memory" ) ] ]
tuples一开始就为我们预先定义了三种状态—‘resolved'、'rejected'以及'pending'，以及它们所对应的一系列值和操作，值得注意的是每种状态中，都调用了一个jQuery.Callbacks方法，如下：
它是个什么玩意儿？
jQuery.Callbacks = function( options ) {
// Convert options from String-formatted to Object-formatted if needed
// (we check in cache first)
options = typeof options === "string" ?
createOptions( options ) :
jQuery.extend( {}, options );
var // Flag to know if list is currently firing
firing,
// Last fire value for non-forgettable lists
memory,
// Flag to know if list was already fired
fired,
// Flag to prevent firing
locked,
// Actual callback list
list = [],
// Queue of execution data for repeatable lists
queue = [],
// Index of currently firing callback (modified by add/remove as needed)
firingIndex = -1,
// Fire callbacks
fire = function() {
// Enforce single-firing
locked = options.once;
// Execute callbacks for all pending executions,
// respecting firingIndex overrides and runtime changes
fired = firing = true;
for ( ; queue.length; firingIndex = -1 ) {
memory = queue.shift();
while ( ++firingIndex < list.length ) {
// Run callback and check for early termination
if ( list[ firingIndex ].apply( memory[ 0 ], memory[ 1 ] ) === false &&
options.stopOnFalse ) {
// Jump to end and forget the data so .add doesn't re-fire
firingIndex = list.length;
memory = false;
}
}
}
// Forget the data if we're done with it
if ( !options.memory ) {
memory = false;
}
firing = false;
// Clean up if we're done firing for good
if ( locked ) {
// Keep an empty list if we have data for future add calls
if ( memory ) {
list = [];
// Otherwise, this object is spent
} else {
list = "";
}
}
},
// Actual Callbacks object
self = {
// Add a callback or a collection of callbacks to the list
add: function() {
if ( list ) {
// If we have memory from a past run, we should fire after adding
if ( memory && !firing ) {
firingIndex = list.length - 1;
queue.push( memory );
}
( function add( args ) {
jQuery.each( args, function( _, arg ) {
if ( jQuery.isFunction( arg ) ) {
if ( !options.unique || !self.has( arg ) ) {
list.push( arg );
}
} else if ( arg && arg.length && jQuery.type( arg ) !== "string" ) {
// Inspect recursively
add( arg );
}
} );
} )( arguments );
if ( memory && !firing ) {
fire();
}
}
return this;
},
// Remove a callback from the list
remove: function() {
jQuery.each( arguments, function( _, arg ) {
var index;
while ( ( index = jQuery.inArray( arg, list, index ) ) > -1 ) {
list.splice( index, 1 );
// Handle firing indexes
if ( index <= firingIndex ) {
firingIndex--;
}
}
} );
return this;
},
// Check if a given callback is in the list.
// If no argument is given, return whether or not list has callbacks attached.
has: function( fn ) {
return fn ?
jQuery.inArray( fn, list ) > -1 :
list.length > 0;
},
// Remove all callbacks from the list
empty: function() {
if ( list ) {
list = [];
}
return this;
},
// Disable .fire and .add
// Abort any current/pending executions
// Clear all callbacks and values
disable: function() {
locked = queue = [];
list = memory = "";
return this;
},
disabled: function() {
return !list;
},
// Disable .fire
// Also disable .add unless we have memory (since it would have no effect)
// Abort any pending executions
lock: function() {
locked = true;
if ( !memory ) {
self.disable();
}
return this;
},
locked: function() {
return !!locked;
},
// Call all callbacks with the given context and arguments
fireWith: function( context, args ) {
if ( !locked ) {
args = args || [];
args = [ context, args.slice ? args.slice() : args ];
queue.push( args );
if ( !firing ) {
fire();
}
}
return this;
},
// Call all the callbacks with the given arguments
fire: function() {
self.fireWith( this, arguments );
return this;
},
// To know if the callbacks have already been called at least once
fired: function() {
return !!fired;
}
};
return self;
};
细细品味了上述jQuery.Callbacks源码，如果你了解设计模式中的发布订阅者模式，不难发现，就是一个”自定义事件”嘛
所以，我们精简jQuery.Callbacks后，核心代码如下：
jQuery.Callbacks = function(){
var list = [],
self = {
add: function(){/*添加元素到list*