js获取及判断键盘按键的方法
编程学习 2021-07-04 21:04www.dzhlxh.cn编程入门
这篇文章主要介绍了js获取及判断键盘按键的方法,涉及JavaScript键盘事件的获取及键值的判定技巧,具有一定参考借鉴价值,需要的朋友可以参考下
本文实例讲述了js获取及判断键盘按键的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
js 里面的键盘事件经常用到，所以收集了键盘事件对应的键码来分享下：
keyCode 8 = BackSpace BackSpace keyCode 9 = Tab Tab keyCode 12 = Clear keyCode 13 = Enter keyCode 16 = Shift_L keyCode 17 = Control_L keyCode 18 = Alt_L keyCode 19 = Pause keyCode 20 = Caps_Lock keyCode 27 = Escape Escape keyCode 32 = space keyCode 33 = Prior keyCode 34 = Next keyCode 35 = End keyCode 36 = Home keyCode 37 = Left keyCode 38 = Up keyCode 39 = Right keyCode 40 = Down keyCode 41 = Select keyCode 42 = Print keyCode 43 = Execute keyCode 45 = Insert keyCode 46 = Delete keyCode 47 = Help keyCode 48 = 0 equal braceright keyCode 49 = 1 exclam onesuperior keyCode 50 = 2 quotedbl twosuperior keyCode 51 = 3 section threesuperior keyCode 52 = 4 dollar keyCode 53 = 5 percent keyCode 54 = 6 ampersand keyCode 55 = 7 slash braceleft keyCode 56 = 8 parenleft bracketleft keyCode 57 = 9 parenright bracketright keyCode 65 = a A keyCode 66 = b B keyCode 67 = c C keyCode 68 = d D keyCode 69 = e E EuroSign keyCode 70 = f F keyCode 71 = g G keyCode 72 = h H keyCode 73 = i I keyCode 74 = j J keyCode 75 = k K keyCode 76 = l L keyCode 77 = m M mu keyCode 78 = n N keyCode 79 = o O keyCode 80 = p P keyCode 81 = q Q at keyCode 82 = r R keyCode 83 = s S keyCode 84 = t T keyCode 85 = u U keyCode 86 = v V keyCode 87 = w W keyCode 88 = x X keyCode 89 = y Y keyCode 90 = z Z keyCode 96 = KP_0 KP_0 keyCode 97 = KP_1 KP_1 keyCode 98 = KP_2 KP_2 keyCode 99 = KP_3 KP_3 keyCode 100 = KP_4 KP_4 keyCode 101 = KP_5 KP_5 keyCode 102 = KP_6 KP_6 keyCode 103 = KP_7 KP_7 keyCode 104 = KP_8 KP_8 keyCode 105 = KP_9 KP_9 keyCode 106 = KP_Multiply KP_Multiply keyCode 107 = KP_Add KP_Add keyCode 108 = KP_Separator KP_Separator keyCode 109 = KP_Subtract KP_Subtract keyCode 110 = KP_Decimal KP_Decimal keyCode 111 = KP_Divide KP_Divide keyCode 112 = F1 keyCode 113 = F2 keyCode 114 = F3 keyCode 115 = F4 keyCode 116 = F5 keyCode 117 = F6 keyCode 118 = F7 keyCode 119 = F8 keyCode 120 = F9 keyCode 121 = F10 keyCode 122 = F11 keyCode 123 = F12 keyCode 124 = F13 keyCode 125 = F14 keyCode 126 = F15 keyCode 127 = F16 keyCode 128 = F17 keyCode 129 = F18 keyCode 130 = F19 keyCode 131 = F20 keyCode 132 = F21 keyCode 133 = F22 keyCode 134 = F23 keyCode 135 = F24 keyCode 136 = Num_Lock keyCode 137 = Scroll_Lock keyCode 187 = acute grave keyCode 188 = comma semicolon keyCode 189 = minus underscore keyCode 190 = period colon keyCode 192 = numbersign apostrophe keyCode 210 = plusminus hyphen macron keyCode 211 = keyCode 212 = copyright registered keyCode 213 = guillemotleft guillemotright keyCode 214 = masculine ordfeminine keyCode 215 = ae AE keyCode 216 = cent yen keyCode 217 = questiondown exclamdown keyCode 218 = onequarter onehalf threequarters keyCode 220 = less greater bar keyCode 221 = plus asterisk asciitilde keyCode 227 = multiply division keyCode 228 = acircumflex Acircumflex keyCode 229 = ecircumflex Ecircumflex keyCode 230 = icircumflex Icircumflex keyCode 231 = ocircumflex Ocircumflex keyCode 232 = ucircumflex Ucircumflex keyCode 233 = ntilde Ntilde keyCode 234 = yacute Yacute keyCode 235 = oslash Ooblique keyCode 236 = aring Aring keyCode 237 = ccedilla Ccedilla keyCode 238 = thorn THORN keyCode 239 = eth ETH keyCode 240 = diaeresis cedilla currency keyCode 241 = agrave Agrave atilde Atilde keyCode 242 = egrave Egrave keyCode 243 = igrave Igrave keyCode 244 = ograve Ograve otilde Otilde keyCode 245 = ugrave Ugrave keyCode 246 = adiaeresis Adiaeresis keyCode 247 = ediaeresis Ediaeresis keyCode 248 = idiaeresis Idiaeresis keyCode 249 = odiaeresis Odiaeresis keyCode 250 = udiaeresis Udiaeresis keyCode 251 = ssharp question backslash keyCode 252 = asciicircum degree keyCode 253 = 3 sterling keyCode 254 = Mode_switch
使用event对象的keyCode属性判断输入的键值
eg：
代码如下:
if(event.keyCode==13)alert("enter!");
键值对应表
A 0X65 U 0X85 B 0X66 V 0X86 C 0X67 W 0X87 D 0X68 X 0X88 E 0X69 Y 0X89 F 0X70 Z 0X90 G 0X71 0 0X48 H 0X72 1 0X49 I 0X73 2 0X50 J 0X74 3 0X51 K 0X75 4 0X52 L 0X76 5 0X53 M 0X77 6 0X54 N 0X78 7 0X55 O 0X79 8 0X56 P 0X80 9 0X57 Q 0X81 ESC 0X1B R 0X82 CTRL 0X11 S 0X83 SHIFT 0X10 T 0X84 ENTER 0XD
如果要使用组合键，则可以判断是否同时按下了这几个键，比如ctrl键、shift键以及alt键的组合使用就可以判断是否多按下了ctrl键、shift键以及alt键
js获取键盘事件：
<script type="text/javascript" language=JavaScript charset="UTF-8">
document.onkeydown=function(event){
var e = event || window.event || arguments.callee.caller.arguments[0];
if(e && e.keyCode==27){ // 按 Esc
//要做的事情
}
if(e && e.keyCode==113){ // 按 F2
//要做的事情
}
if(e && e.keyCode==13){ // enter 键
//要做的事情
}
};
</script>
只要你定义了这些键的动作，你在浏览器里按下这些键就会响应，兼容目前所有浏览器。
JS判断键盘按键
window.document.onkeydown = disableRefresh;
function disableRefresh(evt){
evt = (evt) ? evt : window.event
if (evt.keyCode) {
if(evt.keyCode == 116){
//do something
}
}
}
键码同上例所示。
使用event对象的keyCode属性判断输入的键值
eg：
if(event.keyCode==13){
var ieKey=event.keyCode;//获得键值，数字形式的
var realkey=String.fromCharCode(ieKey) //将数字形式的键值转化为真实的按键
alert(realkey);
}
键值对应表同上例所示
希望本文所述对大家JavaScript程序设计有所帮助。