.Net消息队列的使用方法
.Net使用消息队列,借助windows组件来存储要完成的一系列任务,不用程序使用同一个队列,方便不同程序之间的数据共享和协作……
以本人经验,这个在某个方面类似于session(当然还有很多方面不同),相同之处:session可以把信息存储在aspnet_state服务中,网站重新编译或者重新启动网站,session不会丢失(session超时是正常情况,这种情况除外)。
win7中安装消息队列组件,其他操作系统请百度搜索相关资料。
如果服务没有自动启动,需要启动服务:
先创建队列,再使用队列,队列中的消息,发送一个多一个,接收一个少一个,先进先出。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Messaging;
//添加物理文件 System.Messaging 的引用
namespace testweb
{
public partial class MSMQtest : System.Web.UI.Page
{
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//CreateNewQueue("MsgQueue");//创建一个消息队列
//sendSimpleMsg();//每一个队列最好只发送和接收同一种格式的信息,不然不好转换格式。
//receiveSimpleMsg();//
//receiveSimpleMsg();
//sendComplexMsg();
//receiveComplexMsg();
MsgModel m = receiveComplexMsg<MsgModel>();
Response.Write(m.ToString());
}
private void sendSimpleMsg()
{
//实例化MessageQueue,并指向现有的一个名称为VideoQueue队列
MessageQueue MQ = new MessageQueue(@".\private$\MsgQueue");
//MQ.Send("消息测试", "测试消息");
System.Messaging.Message message = new System.Messaging.Message();
message.Label = "消息lable";
message.Body = "消息body";
MQ.Send(message);
Response.Write("成功发送消息," + DateTime.Now + "<br/>");
}
private void receiveSimpleMsg()
{
MessageQueue MQ = new MessageQueue(@".\private$\MsgQueue");
//调用MessageQueue的Receive方法接收消息
if (MQ.GetAllMessages().Length > 0)
{
System.Messaging.Message message = MQ.Receive(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));
if (message != null)
{
//message.Formatter = new System.Messaging.XmlMessageFormatter(new string[] { "Message.Bussiness.VideoPath,Message" });//消息类型转换
message.Formatter = new System.Messaging.XmlMessageFormatter(new Type[] { typeof(string) });
Response.Write(string.Format("接收消息成功,lable:{0},body:{1},{2}<br/>", message.Label, message.Body.ToString(), DateTime.Now));
}
}
else
{
Response.Write("没有消息了!<br/>");
}
}
private void sendComplexMsg()
{
//实例化MessageQueue,并指向现有的一个名称为VideoQueue队列
MessageQueue MQ = new MessageQueue(@".\private$\MsgQueue");
//MQ.Send("消息测试", "测试消息");
System.Messaging.Message message = new System.Messaging.Message();
message.Label = "复杂消息lable";
message.Body = new MsgModel("1", "消息1");
MQ.Send(message);
Response.Write("成功发送消息,"+DateTime.Now+"<br/>");
}
private void receiveComplexMsg()
{
MessageQueue MQ = new MessageQueue(@".\private$\MsgQueue");
//调用MessageQueue的Receive方法接收消息
if (MQ.GetAllMessages().Length > 0)
{
System.Messaging.Message message = MQ.Receive(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));
if (message != null)
{
message.Formatter = new System.Messaging.XmlMessageFormatter(new Type[] { typeof(MsgModel) });//消息类型转换
MsgModel msg = (MsgModel)message.Body;
Response.Write(string.Format("接收消息成功,lable:{0},body:{1},{2}<br/>", message.Label, msg, DateTime.Now));
}
}
else
{
Response.Write("没有消息了!<br/>");
}
}
private T receiveComplexMsg<T>()
{
MessageQueue MQ = new MessageQueue(@".\private$\MsgQueue");
//调用MessageQueue的Receive方法接收消息
if (MQ.GetAllMessages().Length > 0)
{
System.Messaging.Message message = MQ.Receive(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));
if (message != null)
{
message.Formatter = new System.Messaging.XmlMessageFormatter(new Type[] { typeof(T) });//消息类型转换
T msg = (T)message.Body;
return msg;
}
}
return default(T);
}
/// <summary>
/// 创建消息队列
/// </summary>
/// <param name="name">消息队列名称</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public void CreateNewQueue(string name)
{
if (!System.Messaging.MessageQueue.Exists(".\\private$\\" + name))//检查是否已经存在同名的消息队列
{
System.Messaging.MessageQueue mq = System.Messaging.MessageQueue.Create(".\\private$\\" + name);
mq.Label = "private$\\"+name;
Response.Write("创建成功!<br/>");
}
else
{
//System.Messaging.MessageQueue.Delete(".\\private$\\" + name);//删除一个消息队列
Response.Write("已经存在<br/>");
}
}
}
[Serializable]
public class MsgModel
{
public string id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public MsgModel() { }
public MsgModel(string _id, string _Name)
{
id = _id;
Name = _Name;
}
public override string ToString()
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(id) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(Name)) return "";
return string.Format("id--{0},Name--{1}",id,Name);
}
}
}