Laravel 5框架学习之Eloquent （laravel 的ORM）
编程学习 2021-07-05 09:09www.dzhlxh.cn编程入门
Laravel 的 Eloquent ORM 提供了漂亮、简洁的 ActiveRecord 实现来和数据库的互动。 每个数据库表会和一个对应的「模型」互动。在开始之前，记得把 config/database.php 里的数据库连接配置好。
我们来生成第一个模型
代码如下:
php artisan make:model Article
#输出
Model created successfully.
Created Migration: 2015_03_28_062517_create_articles_table
查看一下生成的文件 app/Article.php
<?php namespace App;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Article extends Model {
//
}
没什么特别的，除了继承自 Model 以外，但是具有强大的功能，这些都封装在laravel的Model中。模型自动具有了 save() update() findXXX() 等强大的功能。
tinker 是 laravel提供的命令行工具，可以和项目进行交互。
php artisan tinker
#以下是在tinker中的交互输入
Psy Shell v0.4.1 (PHP 5.4.16 — cli) by Justin Hileman
>>> $name = 'zhang jinglin';
=> "zhang jinglin"
>>> $name
=> "zhang jinglin"
>>> $article = new App\Article;
=> <App\Article #000000005c4b7ee400000000ab91a676> {}
>>> $article->title = 'My First Article';
=> "My First Article"
>>> $article->body = 'Some content...';
=> "Some content..."
>>> $article->published_at = Carbon\Carbon::now();
=> <Carbon\Carbon #000000005c4b7ee600000000ab91dcb6> {
date: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
timezone_type: 3,
timezone: "UTC"
}
>>> $article;
=> <App\Article #000000005c4b7ee400000000ab91a676> {
title: "My First Article",
body: "Some content...",
published_at: <Carbon\Carbon #000000005c4b7ee600000000ab91dcb6> {
date: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
timezone_type: 3,
timezone: "UTC"
}
}
>>> $article->toArray();
=> [
"title" => "My First Article",
"body" => "Some content...",
"published_at" => <Carbon\Carbon #000000005c4b7ee600000000ab91dcb6> {
date: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
timezone_type: 3,
timezone: "UTC"
}
]
>>> $article->save();
=> true
#查看数据结果，添加了一条记录
>>> App\Article::all()->toArray();
=> [
[
"id" => "1",
"title" => "My First Article",
"body" => "Some content...",
"published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
"created_at" => "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
"updated_at" => "2015-03-28 06:38:53"
]
]
>>> $article->title = 'My First Update Title';
=> "My First Update Title"
>>> $article->save();
=> true
>>> App\Article::all()->toArray();
=> [
[
"id" => "1",
"title" => "My First Update Title",
"body" => "Some content...",
"published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
"created_at" => "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
"updated_at" => "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
]
]
>>> $article = App\Article::find(1);
=> <App\Article #000000005c4b7e1600000000ab91a676> {
id: "1",
title: "My First Update Title",
body: "Some content...",
published_at: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
created_at: "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
}
>>> $article = App\Article::where('body', 'Some content...')->get();
=> <Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection #000000005c4b7e1800000000ab91a676> [
<App\Article #000000005c4b7e1b00000000ab91a676> {
id: "1",
title: "My First Update Title",
body: "Some content...",
published_at: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
created_at: "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
}
]
>>> $article = App\Article::where('body', 'Some content...')->first();
=> <App\Article #000000005c4b7e1900000000ab91a676> {
id: "1",
title: "My First Update Title",
body: "Some content...",
published_at: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
created_at: "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
}
>>>
>>> $article = App\Article::create(['title' => 'New Article', 'body' => 'New body', 'published_at' => Carbon\Carbon::now()]);
Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\MassAssignmentException with message 'title'
MassAssignmentException，laravel保护我们不能直接插入记录。比如，在一些特殊情况下我们需要直接利用表单的信息填充数据库记录，但是如果我们并没有在表单中添加密码字段，而黑客产生了密码字段连同我们的其他字段一起送回服务器，这将产生修改密码的危险，所以我们必须明确的告诉laravel我们的模型那些字段是可以直接填充的。
修改我们的模型文件 Article.php
<?php namespace App;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Article extends Model {
protected $fillable = [
'title',
'body',
'published_at'
];
}
表示，title, body, published_at 是可以直接填充的。
退出 tinker，重新进入
>>> $article = App\Article::create(['title' => 'New Article', 'body' => 'New body', 'published_at' => Carbon\Carbon::now()]);
=> <App\Article #000000005051b2c7000000007ec432dd> {
title: "New Article",
body: "New body",
published_at: <Carbon\Carbon #000000005051b2c6000000007ec4081d> {
date: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
timezone_type: 3,
timezone: "UTC"
},
updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
created_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
id: 2
}
# It's ok
>>> App\Article::all()->toArray();
=> [
[
"id" => "1",
"title" => "My First Update Title",
"body" => "Some content...",
"published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
"created_at" => "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
"updated_at" => "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
],
[
"id" => "2",
"title" => "New Article",
"body" => "New body",
"published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
"created_at" => "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
"updated_at" => "2015-03-28 06:55:19"
]
]
>>> $article = App\Article::find(2);
=> <App\Article #000000005051b22b000000007ec432dd> {
id: "2",
title: "New Article",
body: "New body",
published_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
created_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19"
}
>>> $article->update(['body' => 'New Updaet Body']);
=> true
#update自动调用save()
以上所述就是本文的全部内容了，希望能够对大家学习Laravel5框架有所帮助。