Ajax——异步检查用户名是否存在示例
编程学习 2021-07-05 10:37www.dzhlxh.cn编程入门
在任何网站注册用户的时候，都会检查用户是否已经存在，有了Ajax，有了异步交互，当用户输完用户名继续填写其他信息的时候，Ajax就将信息发到了服务器去检查该用户名是否已经被注册了
在任何网站注册用户的时候，都会检查用户是否已经存在。很久以前的处理方式是将所有数据提交到服务器端进行验证，很显然这种方式的用户体验很不好；后来有了Ajax，有了异步交互，当用户输完用户名继续填写其他信息的时候，Ajax就将信息发到了服务器去检查该用户名是否已经被注册了，这样如果用户名已经存在，不用等用户将所有数据都提交就可以给出提示。采用这种方式大大改善了用户体验。
regist.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
var xmlHttp;
//创建Ajax核心对象XMLHttpRequest
function createXMLHttp(){
if(window.XMLHttpRequest){
xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
}else{
xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
}
}
function checkUsername(username){
createXMLHttp();
//设置请求方式为GET，设置请求的URL，设置为异步提交
xmlHttp.open("GET","CheckServlet?username="+username,true);
//将方法地址复制给onreadystatechange属性
//类似于电话号码
xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = checkUsernameCallback();
//将设置信息发送到Ajax引擎
xmlHttp.send(null);
}
function checkUsernameCallback(){
//Ajax引擎状态为成功
if(xmlHttp.readyState == 4){
//HTTP协议状态为成功
if(xmlHttp.status == 200){
var text = xmlHttp.responseText;
if(text == "true"){
document.getElementById("msg").innerHTML = "此用户名已存在，无法使用！";
}else{
document.getElementById("msg").innerHTML = "此用户名可以使用";
}
}
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form action="regist.jsp" method="post">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username" onblur="checkUsername(this.value)"><span id="msg"></span><br/>
密 码:<input type="password" name="password"><br/>
<input type="submit" value="注册">
<input type="reset" value="重置">
</form>
</body>
</html>
CheckServlet.java
public class CheckServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public static final String DBDRIVER = "com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver";
public static final String DBURL = "jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=bbs";
public static final String DBUSER = "sa";
public static final String DBPASS = "pass";
public CheckServlet() {
super();
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("text/html");
Connection conn = null;
PreparedStatement pst = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
String username = request.getParameter("usernaem");
try{
Class.forName(DBDRIVER);
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DBURL,DBUSER,DBPASS);
String sql = "select count(username) from user where username=?";
pst = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
pst.setString(1,username);
rs = pst.executeQuery();
if(rs.next()){
if(rs.getInt(1)>0){//用户名已经存在了
out.print("true");
}else{
out.print("false");
}
}
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try{
conn.close();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
regist.jsp
代码如下:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
var xmlHttp;
//创建Ajax核心对象XMLHttpRequest
function createXMLHttp(){
if(window.XMLHttpRequest){
xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
}else{
xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
}
}
function checkUsername(username){
createXMLHttp();
//设置请求方式为GET，设置请求的URL，设置为异步提交
xmlHttp.open("GET","CheckServlet?username="+username,true);
//将方法地址复制给onreadystatechange属性
//类似于电话号码
xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = checkUsernameCallback();
//将设置信息发送到Ajax引擎
xmlHttp.send(null);
}
function checkUsernameCallback(){
//Ajax引擎状态为成功
if(xmlHttp.readyState == 4){
//HTTP协议状态为成功
if(xmlHttp.status == 200){
var text = xmlHttp.responseText;
if(text == "true"){
document.getElementById("msg").innerHTML = "此用户名已存在，无法使用！";
}else{
document.getElementById("msg").innerHTML = "此用户名可以使用";
}
}
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form action="regist.jsp" method="post">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username" onblur="checkUsername(this.value)"><span id="msg"></span><br/>
密 码:<input type="password" name="password"><br/>
<input type="submit" value="注册">
<input type="reset" value="重置">
</form>
</body>
</html>
CheckServlet.java
代码如下:
public class CheckServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public static final String DBDRIVER = "com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver";
public static final String DBURL = "jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=bbs";
public static final String DBUSER = "sa";
public static final String DBPASS = "pass";
public CheckServlet() {
super();
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("text/html");
Connection conn = null;
PreparedStatement pst = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
String username = request.getParameter("usernaem");
try{
Class.forName(DBDRIVER);
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DBURL,DBUSER,DBPASS);
String sql = "select count(username) from user where username=?";
pst = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
pst.setString(1,username);
rs = pst.executeQuery();
if(rs.next()){
if(rs.getInt(1)>0){//用户名已经存在了
out.print("true");
}else{
out.print("false");
}
}
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try{
conn.close();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}